Alvin Lucier
(Copyright © 1999 Piero Scaruffi | Legal restrictions - Termini d'uso )
Bird And Person Dyning/ The Duke Of York (Cramps, 1975), 6/10
Music On A Long Thin Wire (Lovely, 1980), 7/10
I Am Sitting In A Room (Lovely, 1981), 6/10
Music For Solo Performer (Lovely 1014, 1982), 6/10
Still And Moving Lines Of Silence vol. 1-4 (Lovely, 1983), 6/10
Still And Moving Lines Of Silence vol. 5-8 (Lovely, 1985), 6/10
Sferics (Lovely, 1988), 6/10
Crossings (Lovely, 1990), 6/10
Clocker for Amplified Clock (Lovely, 1994), 6.5/10
Panorama (Lovely, 1997), 6/10
40 Rooms (Iear Studios, 1998), 6/10
Silver Streetcar For The Orchestra (Algen, 1998), 6/10
Theme (Lovely, 1999), 6.5/10
Still Lives (Lovely, 2001), 7/10
Navigations for Strings / Small Waves (Mode, 2003), 6/10
Vespers (New World, 2002), 6/10
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Alvin Lucier has been active since 1962 in the field of "concrete" music. He has introduced new paradigms to the field, by employing bold and radical methods to process unusual sources of sound and to perform scores in ever more unconventional manners. Over the years, he has been exploring the acoustic properties of organisms, objects and environments. Works such as Music For Solo Performer (1965), that used the performer's brainwaves, Clocker (1978), for performer with galvanic skin response sensor; I Am Sitting In A Room (1970), that used the room's background noise, and Music On A Long Thin Wire (1977), that used the vibrations of a metallic wire, basically merged research in ambient, minimalist and concrete music, and found a common meaning behind the teachings of John Cage, LaMonte Young and Pierre Schaeffer.
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Alvin Lucier (New Hampshire, 1931), uno dei fondatori (con Robert Ashley, David Behrman, Gordon Mumma) della Sonic Arts Union nel 1966, contributi alla musica moderna nel 1962, nel periodo in cui intraprese l'insegnamento universitario. Da allora ha sfornato lavori sperimentali a ripetizione, sfruttando tecniche e maniere della musica gestuale, elettronica, vocale e dimostrando particolari preferenze per l'impiego di sorgenti sonore insolite e per forme ancor piu' insolite di esecuzione: Action Music For Piano introduce uno "spartito" anche per annotare i gesti dei performer; Music For Solo Performer (1965) genera suoni percussivi dalle onde cerebrali dell'esecutore, catturate tramite due elettrodi e un insieme di altoparlanti (naturalmente ogni performance di questo brano e' diversa da quelle precedenti, poiche' le onde cerebrali non saranno mai le stesse); Whistlers (1967) sfrutta i disturbi magnetici della ionosfera (prima composizione di musica basata sulle VLF, ispirata dalla registrazione della ionosfera pubblicata da Millett Morgan nel 1955); Chambers (1967) e' costruito a partire dai rumori di alcuni oggetti; Vespers (1967) muove gli esecutori in una stanza buia come pipistrelli guidati dall'eco elettronica; The Only Talking Machine (1969) e' orchestrata per "ventriloquismo elettronico".

Bird And Person Dyning; The Duke Of York (Cramps, 1975) fu il primo documento discografico, contenente i due pezzi del titolo (la prima manipola il cinguettio di un uccello, la seconda manipola la voce umana).

Negli anni Settanta il suo interesse si e' spostato verso i suoni degli ambienti, ovvero i suoni che hanno origine dalle proprieta' acustiche ed architettoniche degli ambienti. Reflections Of Sounds From The Wall (1970) e' una delle sue sculture sonore piu' ardite, composta da una parete con centinaia di registratori che "ascolta" e "risponde" ai suoni della sala. I Am Sitting In A Room (1970) degrada il parlato con una sovrapposizione di risonanze che amplificano progressivamente il rumore dell'ambiente (che si scopre cosi' prima voce dell'opera).

Nonostante l'ardua fruibilita' delle sue composizioni, The Queen Of The South (1972) segna persino l'inizio della collaborazione con una compagnia di danza. Sono pezzi concettuali, opere di rottura che scavalcano a sinistra la musica gestuale e che intendono espandere l'accezione di cosa sia "musicale": anche l'ambiente puo' far musica.

Nella seconda meta' degli anni Settanta, fianco a fianco con un ingegnere elettronico, Lucier vara i suoi lavori piu' ambiziosi, monumentali pannelli sonori basati sulla manipolazione acustica delle vibrazioni. Music On A Long Thin Wire (1977) per filo metallico di 24 metri (guidato da un oscillatore d'accordatura), Directions Of Sound From The Bridge (1978) e Shapes Of The Sound From The Board (1979) unificano le ricerche sulla musica ambientale, minimale, elettronica e concreta. Sono flussi di pattern variabili in volume, timbro e ritmo, armonie mono-dimensionali il cui modello e' in effetti proprio la "dalembertiana" corda vibrante con la sua struttura matematica a modi normali.

Al centro della sua musica rimarranno sempre le proprieta' acustiche degli ambienti. Lucier portera' alle estreme conseguenze le intuizioni dei primi lavori in Spinning (1984): due toni accordati a lunghezze d'onda quasi identiche (la cui differenza e' impercettibile all'orecchio umano) vengono emessi dai due estremi della stanza in modo che la loro interazione dia luogo a un suono che si muove nella stanza. La sua opera piu' ambiziosa, Still And Moving Lines Of Silence (1974), in otto parti, di cui una per strumenti a percussione e oscillatore armonico e una per clarinetti, flauto, corno francese, voce femminile e oscillatore, in cui l'ensemble mette in moto piccoli arabeschi armonici che poi si infrangono contro l'onda elettronica, definisce l'armonia come la semplice interferenza di due suoni, e pertanto come semplice mezzo per riempire di suono una topografia acustica (per esempio, una stanza).

The entire series will be collected on Still and Moving Lines of Silence in Families of Hyperbolas (Lovely, 2003). Part 1 is scored for the interaction between pitches sounded by loudspeakers; Part 2 is for soloists who interact with a long tone played by a loudspeaker at a slightly different pitch (the interference patterns are the "music"); Part 3 lets snare drums resonate against the prepared tone; Part 4 includes dancers in the musical process.

La musica di Lucier si e' rarefatta fino a farsi inascoltabile. E' certamente (con quella di LaMonte Young) la piu' "minimale" che sia mai stata tentata. Per fruirla l'ascoltatore deve decifrare pazientemente i volteggi delle armoniche, i girotondi dei feedback, i moti impercettibili delle frequenze. Lucier e' anche il piu' fedele al motto di Cage: "la musica sperimentale e' musica di cui non e' possibile prevedere il risultato".

Sferics (Lovely, 1988) contains Sferics (1980), a sound installation for ionospheric disturbances, Sound On Paper (1985), for framed paper, loudspeakers and audio oscillator, and Music For Pure Waves, Bass Drums And Acoustic Pendulums (1985).

Crossings, Septet, In Memoriam / Ridenour (Lovely, 1990) contains In Memoriam Jon Higgins (1985), for clarinet and pure wave oscillator, Septet For Three Winds, Four Strings And Pure Wave Oscillator (1985), Crossings (1984), for small orchestra and pure wave oscillator.

Clocker for Amplified Clock (Lovely, 1994) contains the first recording of Clocker (1978), live electronics for performer with galvanic skin response sensor, digital delay system and amplified clock. The electrical current generated by the system (ultimately, by the skin of the "performer") causes polyrhythmic patterns of dissonance, which are then coupled with the ticking of the clock. Lucier mixes and warps the sounds of both so as to produce a continuum of discrete events, which also stands as a metaphysical meditation on the passage of time and what it does to the human body.

Panorama (Lovely, 1997) contains Wind Shadows (1994), for trombone playing along pure wave oscillators, Music For Piano With One Or More Snare Drums (1992), Music For Piano With Amplified Sonorous Vessels (1991), that relies on the resonances picked up by microphones placed inside wine glasses, sea shells, pots and cups which are in turn placed inside a piano, and Panorama (1993) for trombone and piano (trombone drones represent the mountains, whereas piano patterns represent peaks).

40 Rooms (Iear Studios, 1998) documents a 1996 installation for electroacoustic quintet.

Silver Streetcar For The Orchestra (Algen, 1998) contains the 1988 composition for amplified triangle.

Theme (Lovely, 1999) contains Theme (1994) for voices and sonorous vessels, Music For Gamelan Instruments, Microphones, Amplifiers And Loudspeakers (1994), and Music For Piano With Magnetic Strings (1996).

Still Lives (Lovely, 2001) contains three compositions for solo string instrument (twice a piano and once a koto) resonating with a pure-wave oscillator: Still Lives (25:10), eight vignettes that virtually bridge minimalism and futurism, Music for Piano with Slow Sweep Pure Wave Oscillators (16:31), that follows two drones with no overtones as they move away from a pitch and then return to it (while the piano sorts of sets the pace by playing their note over and over again), and especially On The Carpet Of Leaves Illuminated By The Moon (11:46), where the koto releases languid and ethereal gasps from one semitone above the electronic drone to one semitone below it. The effect is unusually lyrical and haunting.

Navigations for Strings; Small Waves (Mode, 2003) contains the 1992 string quartet and the 1997 piece for string quartet, trombone and piano, 2 dancers with 6 partially filled water containers.

Vespers (New World, 2002) collects early works. While interesting for historical purposes, these are largely pointless recordings, because half of them are not deterministic works (each performance is different) and because the other half are mainly about the performance space (which your stereo cannot reproduce).
The earliest is Elegy For Albert Anastasia (1963), a poem of musique concrete that predates the foundation of the Sonic Arts Union, and predates Lucier's aesthetic maniesto Music For Solo Performer (1965). The sounds produced here are deliberately low, so low that one can hardly hear them; the point being that we often don't "hear" things that are actually quite relevant (a reference also implied in the ironic title, an "elegy" to the mafia boss who was shot in a barber chair because he didn't "hear" what was going to happen to him although the rumour was out there).
North American Time Capsule (1967) employs a vocoder to produce a stream of grotesque alien-sounding voices (curiously similar to the voices devised ten years later in Spielberg's "Close Encounters of the Third Kind").
Chambers (1968) is musique concrete at its most literal, an exploration/collage of environmental sounds (voices) that are electronically processed to lose their original quality until they become abstract noise.
Vespers (1969) is more a psychological experiment than a musical composition, but it shows how Lucier came to be obsessed with the performance space. The piece is a dialogue between sonar devices and the acoustics of the room, and the listeners "are", in a sense, the object of that dialogue: the listeners are guided like bats in a dark room by the frantic clicks that bounce around the performance space, and slowly build an "image" of it; the point being that we are used to perceive music in front of us (thus removing the performance space from the equation) but not all around us (which would make the performance space the real protagonist). This is interesting but, needless to say, impossible to reproduce on record, so one wonders what we are supposed to do with this series of meaningless clicks that our stereo projects exactly like the traditional performer that Lucier was trying to remove.
(Middletown) Memory Space (1970) is a chamber work of a new kind, since it is scored for any number of performers, and the performers are free to produce pretty much any sound, as long as they do not interact among themselves and as long as those sounds are somehow related to sounds their heard in the city. This recording employs shakuhachi, koto, accordion, piano and guitar.
This album is only for collectors. These theories make for interesting reading, not for interested listening.

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