Jimmy Giuffre
(Copyright © 2006 Piero Scaruffi | Terms of use )
Krentz Ratings:
Tangents in Jazz (1955), 5.5/10
The Jimmy Giuffre 3 (1956), 6/10
Music for Brass (1956), 5.5/10
The Jimmy Giuffre Clarinet (1956), 7/10
Western Suite (1958), 7.5/10
The Four Brothers Sound (1958), 7/10
Seven Pieces (1959), 7/10
Pieces for Clarinet and Strings (1960), 7/10
Fusion (1961), 7/10
Thesis (1961), 7/10
Gratz Live (1961), 5/10
Bremen and Stuttgart (1961), 5/10
Free Fall (1962), 7.5/10
New York Concerts (1965), 5/10
Night Dance (1971), 6/10
Music for People, Birds, Butterflies and Mosquitoes (1972), 5.5/10
Quiet Song (1974), 5.5/10
Dragonfly (1983), 6/10
Quasar (1985), 5.5/10
Liquid Dancers (1989), 5.5/10
Conversations with a Goose (1993), 5/10
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Clarinetist, flutist and saxophonist Jimmy Giuffre (1921), a former member of Shorty Rogers' group, opted for a piano-less trio, first with guitarist Jim Hall and bassist Ralph Pena, the The Jimmy Giuffre 3 (december 1956), debuting his signature tune The Train and the River and the Crawdad Suite, then with Hall and trombonist Bob Brookmeyer on Western Suite (december 1958), titled after its four-movement title-track.

In between he had shown his skills as a lyrical composer with the folkish compositions of Tangents In Jazz (june 1955), performed with trumpeter Jack Sheldon, bassist Ralph Pena and drummer Artie Anton, and the Seven Pieces (march 1959), alternating on clarinet, tenor and baritone sax, with guitarist Jim Hall and bassist Red Mitchell (Happy Man, Princess).

His skills as an architect of intimate chamber jazz were proven by the solos, duets and trios of The Jimmy Giuffre Clarinet (november 1956), notably the dissonant The Side Pipers for three flutes and drums, as well as by the pieces for four overdubbed tenor saxes (all played by Giuffre), either "solo" or accompanied by other instruments, of The Four Brothers Sound (september 1958), as well as by the austere Piece for Clarinet and Strings (july 1960) and by the large-scale Pharoah and Suspensions, that debuted on Gunther Schuller's Music for Brass (june 1956).

All of Giuffre's directions merged in his trio with pianist Paul Bley and bassist Steve Shallow, that developed a meditative and minimal free-jazz style with an elastic concept of time. They progressed towards a new art of sculpting sound from Fusion (march 1961), notably Emphasis, to Thesis (august 1961), that contained the counterpoint wizardry of Giuffre's Sonic and Flight and Carla Bley's Ictus, to the impressionist Free Fall (november 1962) that explored soundscapes for clarinet solo, for clarinet and bass and for trio (ranging from two to ten minutes), at the border between free-jazz and classical music. Emphasis & Flight 1961 (november 1961) compiled two live performances of the Jimmy Giuffre 3.

Graz Live 1961 (october 1961) and Bremen & Stuttgart 1961 (november 1961) document the trio with Paul Bley (piano) and Steve Swallow (double bass).

It took ten years for Giuffre to resume this program of intimate zen-like atmospheres: Night Dance (november 1971), alternating on clarinet, flute and tenor sax with bassist Kiyoshi Tokunaga and percussionist Randy Kaye, Music for People, Birds, Butterflies & Mosquitos (december 1972), Quiet Song (november 1974) with Paul Bley on piano and Bill Connors on guitar.

The double-disc New York Concerts (may and september 1965) documents live performances with Richard Davis and Barre Philips on bass, Don Friedman on piano and Joe Chambers on drums.

Dragonfly (january 1983), Quasar (may 1985) and Liquid Dancers (april 1989) were representative of the Jimmy Giuffre 4 (Peter Levin on electronic keyboards, plus bass and percussion), that basically adapted his cool jazz to the age of ambient music.

The Life Of A Trio - Sunday (december 1989), Fly Away Little Bird (april 1992) and Conversations with a Goose (may 1993) reunited him with Bley and Swallow.

Giuffre died in 2008.

(Translation by/ Tradotto da Luca Magnano)

Il clarinettista, flautista e sassofonista Jimmy Giuffre (1921), ex-membro del gruppo di Shorty Rogers, decise di creare un trio senza piano, inizialmente con il chitarrista Jim Hall e il bassista Ralph Pena, The Jimmy Giuffre 3 (dicembre 1956), in cui figura uno dei suoi brani piùcaratteristici, The Train and the River, e Crawdad Suite; poi con Hall e il trombonista Bob Brookmeyer in Western Suite (dicembre 1958), in cui appare una suite in quattro movimenti dal medesimo titolo.

Nel frattempo, Giuffre aveva dimostrato le sue capacità compositive liriche con i brani vagamente folk di Tangents In Jazz (giugno 1955), suonati con il trombettista Jack Sheldon, il bassista Ralph Pena e il batterista Artie Anton, e in Seven Pieces (marzo 1959), in cui Giuffre alterna clarinetto, sax baritono e sax tenore, con il chitarrista Jim Hall e il contrabbassista Red Mitchell (Happy Man, Princess).

La sua abilità di artefice di un jazz intimo e cameristico furono dimostrate dagli assoli, dai duetti e daii trii di The Jimmy Giuffre Clarinet (novembre 1956), in particolare nel dissonante The Side Pipers, per tre flauti e batteria, e nei brani per quattro sax sovraincisi (tutti suonati da Giuffre), in “solo” o con l'accompagnamento di altri strumenti; e in The Four Brothers Sound (settembre 1958), come anche nell'austero Piece for Clarinet and Strings (luglio 1960) e in composizioni di scala più grande come Pharoah e Suspensions, che apparvero per la prima volta in Music for Brass di Gunther Schuller (giugno 1956).

I vari impulsi compositivi di Giuffre si amalgamarono nel suo trio col pianista Paul Bley e il bassista Steve Shallow, con cui sviluppò una forma di free jazz meditativo e minimale, con una concezione elastica del tempo. Il trio sviluppò una nuova arte di scultura del suono, da Fusion (marzo 1961), e in particolare in Emphasis, a Thesis (agosto 1961), con la stregoneria contrappuntistica di Sonic e Flight di Giuffre, e di Ictus di Carla Bley, fino all'impressionista Free Fall (novembre 1962), in cui si esplorano paesaggi sonori per clarinetto solo, per clarinetto e basso, e in trio (con brani dai due ai dieci minuti di durata), al confine tra musica classica e free jazz.

Giuffre impiegò dieci anni a portare questo programma di atmosfere intime, tendenti allo zen, a una sintesi completa: Night Dance (novembre 1971), in cui alterna clarinetto, faluto e sax tenore accanto al bassista  Kiyoshi Tokunaga e al percussionista Randy Kaye, Music for People, Birds, Butterflies & Mosquitos (dicembre 1972), Quiet Song (novembre 1974) con Paul Bley al piano e Bill Connors alla chitarra.

Il doppio disco New York Concerts (maggio e settebre 1965) documenta performance dal vivo con  Richard Davis e Barre Philips al basso, Don Friedman al piano e Joe Chambers alla batteria. Dragonfly (gennaio 1983), Quasar (maggio 1985) e Liquid Dancers (aprile 1989) sono rappresentativi della formazione Jimmy Giuffre 4 (Peter Levin alle tastiere elettroniche, con l'aggiunta di basso e percussioni) che sostanzialmente adattò il suo cool jazz ai canoni dell'epoca della musica ambient.

Conversations with a Goose (maggio 1993) vede Giuffre riunirsi a Bley e Swallow.

Jimmy Giuffre è morto nel 2008.

(Copyright © 2006 Piero Scaruffi | Terms of use )
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